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  2. Contrastive focus reduplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrastive_focus...

    A meatless salad may be referred to as a salad-salad, as opposed to a tuna salad.. Contrastive focus reduplication, [1] also called contrastive reduplication, [1] identical constituent compounding, [2] [3] lexical cloning, [4] [5] or the double construction, is a type of syntactic reduplication found in some languages.

  3. Lexical analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexical_analysis

    Lexical tokenization is the conversion of a raw text into (semantically or syntactically) meaningful lexical tokens, belonging to categories defined by a "lexer" program, such as identifiers, operators, grouping symbols, and data types. The resulting tokens are then passed on to some other form of processing.

  4. Prototype pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype_pattern

    In the above UML class diagram, the Client class refers to the Prototype interface for cloning a Product. The Product1 class implements the Prototype interface by creating a copy of itself. The UML sequence diagram shows the run-time interactions: The Client object calls clone() on a prototype:Product1 object, which creates and returns a copy ...

  5. Cloning (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloning_(programming)

    The process of actually making another exact replica of the object instead of just its reference is called cloning. In most languages, the language or libraries can facilitate some sort of cloning. In Java, the Object class contains the clone() method, which copies the object and returns a reference to that copied object.

  6. Syntax (programming languages) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_(programming_languages)

    Parse tree of Python code with inset tokenization. The syntax of textual programming languages is usually defined using a combination of regular expressions (for lexical structure) and Backus–Naur form (a metalanguage for grammatical structure) to inductively specify syntactic categories (nonterminal) and terminal symbols. [7]

  7. Merge (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merge_(linguistics)

    In this example by Cecchetto (2015), the verb "read" unambiguously labels the structure because "read" is a word, which means it is a probe by definition, in which "read" selects "the book". the bigger constituent generated by merging the word with the syntactic objects receives the label of the word itself, which allow us to label the tree as ...

  8. Coercion (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coercion_(linguistics)

    The term was first used in the semantic literature in 1988 by Marc Moens and Mark Steedman, who adopted it due to its "loose analogy with type-coercion in programming languages.” [3] In his written framework of the generative lexicon (a formal compositional approach to lexical semantics), Pustejovsky (1995:111) defines coercion as "a semantic ...

  9. Denotational semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denotational_semantics

    For example, consider the expression "7 + 4". Compositionality in this case is to provide a meaning for "7 + 4" in terms of the meanings of "7", "4" and "+". A basic denotational semantics in domain theory is compositional because it is given as follows. We start by considering program fragments, i.e. programs with free variables.