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The object itself was detected in ESO images dating back to 1980, but its identification as a quasar occurred only several decades later. [2]An automated analysis of 2022 data from the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite did not confirm J0529-4351 as too bright to be a quasar, and suggested it was a 16th magnitude star with a 99.98% probability.
APM 08279+5255 was initially identified as a quasar in 1998 during an Automatic Plate Measuring Facility (APM) survey to find carbon stars in the galactic halo.The combination of its high redshift (z=3.87) and brightness (particularly in the infrared) made it the most luminous object yet seen in the universe.
3C 454.3 is a blazar (a type of quasar with a jet oriented toward Earth) located away from the galactic plane. It is one of the brightest gamma ray sources in the sky, [ 2 ] and is one of the most luminous astronomical object ever observed, with a maximum absolute magnitude of -31.4. [ 3 ]
3C 286, also known by its position as 1328+307 (B1950 coordinates) or 1331+305 (J2000 coordinates), is a quasar [3] at redshift 0.8493 with a radial velocity of 164,137 km/s. [4] It is part of the Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources (3C Survey). The 3C Survey was conducted at the relatively low radio frequencies of 159 and 178 MHz.
3C 273 is a quasar located at the center of a giant elliptical galaxy in the constellation of Virgo. It was the first quasar ever to be identified and is the visually brightest quasar in the sky as seen from Earth, with an apparent visual magnitude of 12.9. [2] The derived distance to this object is 749 megaparsecs (2.4 billion light-years).
Testing the hypothesis that 3C48 is a stellar remnant of a nova or even a supernova ("the first true radio star"), H. Smith and D. Hoffleit looked through the Harvard Sky Survey's collection of plates for 1897-1958 and did not find any noticeable fluctuations in the object's brightness exceeding 0.3m, which are common in former novae.
Luma is the weighted sum of gamma-compressed R′G′B′ components of a color video—the prime symbols ′ denote gamma compression. The word was proposed to prevent confusion between luma as implemented in video engineering and relative luminance as used in color science (i.e. as defined by CIE ).
As a quasar, TON 618 is believed to be the active galactic nucleus at the center of a galaxy, the engine of which is a supermassive black hole feeding on intensely hot gas and matter in an accretion disc. Given its observed redshift of 2.219, the light travel time of TON 618 is estimated to be approximately 10.8 billion years.