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Hibernia (Latin: [(h)ɪˈbɛr.n̪i.a]) is the Classical Latin name for Ireland. The name Hibernia was taken from Greek geographical accounts. During his exploration of northwest Europe ( c. 320 BC ), Pytheas of Massalia called the island Iérnē (written Ἰέρνη ).
Irish religious belief and practices became Romanised after Saint Patrick and Saint Palladius began the slow process of spreading Christianity throughout Hibernia in the 5th century. One of the first churches in Hibernia was founded by Saint Palladius in 420 AD, with the name House of the Romans (Teach-na-Roman, actual Tigroney). [4]
He was married to Nuala, who worked alongside him at The Hibernia and The Phoenix. His son Aengus worked for The Phoenix, his daughter Brigid is also a journalist, and his son Michael Mulcahy was a Councillor, TD and former Lord Mayor of Dublin. [3] [4] He retired from The Phoenix in 2007 and died aged 86 in 2018. [2] [5]
After an intense 9-hour single-ship action that left one man killed on Hibernia, and 11 wounded (who were expected to recover), Hibernia succeeded in driving Comet off. Comet had three men killed and eight men wounded. [10] One first-hand American account reported that Comet had six dead and 16 wounded, and that Hibernia had sailed off first. [11]
Hibernia is a national personification of Ireland. She appeared in numerous cartoons and drawings, in particular, during the nineteenth century. [1] [2] As depicted in frequent cartoons in Punch, a magazine outspokenly hostile to Irish nationalism, Hibernia was shown as "Britannia's younger sister". [3] She is an attractive, vulnerable girl. [4]
Hiberno-Scottish activity in Europe continued after the death of Columbanus. There were monastic foundations in Anglo-Saxon England, the first in about 630 at "Cnobheresburgh", an unknown place in East Anglia but possibly Burgh Castle mentioned by Bede. Others such as Malmesbury Abbey, perhaps Bosham, and Glastonbury Abbey had strong Irish links.
Ireland is labelled in Latin: Hibernia insula Britannica, lit. 'Hibernia, British island'. Besides the Irish mainland, Ptolemy names seven islands and mentions an archipelago to the north (the Inner Hebrides) which he says consists of five others. Among the islands he names to the east are the Isle of Man and Anglesey.
Three statues, representing Hibernia (the Latin name for Ireland), Fidelity and Commerce (later carved by Edward Smyth) stood above the portico. Over the main entrance, the royal coat of arms was cut in stone. The building underwent extensions by architect James Gandon, as Pearce had died.