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Modalities applied to measurement of ejection fraction is an emerging field of medical mathematics and subsequent computational applications. The first common measurement method is echocardiography, [7] [8] although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [8] [9] cardiac computed tomography, [8] [9] ventriculography and nuclear medicine (gated SPECT and radionuclide angiography) [8] [10 ...
The aging profile of dogs varies according to their adult size (often determined by their breed): smaller breeds have an average lifespan of 10–15 years, with some even exceeding 18 years in age; medium breeds typically live for 10 to 13 years; and giant dog breeds have the lowest minimum lifespan, with an overall average of 8 to 13 years ...
[124] [125] While male-parent dogs can show more disinterested behaviour toward their own puppies, [126] most can play with the young pups as they would with other dogs or humans. [127] A female dog may abandon or attack her puppies or her male partner dog if she is stressed or in pain. [128]
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a form of heart failure in which the ejection fraction – the percentage of the volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each heartbeat divided by the volume of blood when the left ventricle is maximally filled – is normal, defined as greater than 50%; [1] this may be measured by echocardiography or cardiac catheterization.
Following the recognition of the breed by the AKC in the hound group on 30 June 2011 as the 171st breed, [9] the American English Coonhound became eligible to compete in the National Dog Show in 2011, followed by its eligibility for the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show and the AKC National Championship for the first time in 2012. [11] [12] [13]
The breed standards by European FCI and the AKC specify a minimum weight of 99 pounds (45 kg) for a female and 110 pounds (50 kg) for a male. [7] There is no formally stated maximum weight, but dogs must be balanced with regard to their overall type and the conformation standards of the breed.
A range of 9.5 and 11.6 mm can be found between various breeds of dogs. This 20% variance is associated with an adaptation toward superior night vision. [35]: 139 The eyes of different breeds of dogs have different shapes, dimensions, and retina configurations. [37]
The English Shepherd is a medium-sized breed of dog, it weighs between 40 and 65 pounds (18 and 29 kg) and stands between 18 and 23 inches (46 and 58 cm), males are typically larger than females.