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Example of a label showing the amount of niacin (Vitamin B3), and specifying to be niacinamide in the ingredient section.. The United States Government adopted the terms niacin and niacinamide in 1942 as alternate names for nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, respectively, and encouraged their use in nontechnical contexts to avoid the public’s confusing them with the nearly unrelated (and toxic ...
Nicotinamide (INN, BAN UK [2]) or niacinamide (USAN US) is a form of vitamin B 3 found in food and used as a dietary supplement and medication. [3] [4] [5] As a supplement, it is used orally (swallowed by mouth) to prevent and treat pellagra (niacin deficiency). [4]
Niacin is incorporated into multi-vitamin and sold as a single-ingredient dietary supplement. The latter can be immediate or slow release. [73] Nicotinamide is used to treat niacin deficiency because it does not cause the flushing adverse reaction seen with niacin. Nicotinamide may be toxic to the liver at doses exceeding 3 g/day for adults. [74]
These include nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), which are both forms of vitamin B3 (niacin) and act as precursors to NAD+, the experts explain.
Niacin: Niacin is composed of two structures: nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. There are two co-enzyme forms of niacin: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). Both play an important role in energy transfer reactions in the metabolism of glucose, fat and alcohol. [13]
Niacin has been linked to a higher risk of heart disease. It is often added to flour and fortified cereals in the U.S. The B vitamin used to be a popular medication to lower high cholesterol.
Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1] Areas of the skin exposed to friction and radiation are typically affected first. [1]
The nicotinamide vitamer of vitamin B 3 does not exhibit the same therapeutic effect for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, but also does not cause a niacin flush reaction and is not associated with the same adverse effects as nicotinic acid. [3]
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