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Cervicocranial syndrome or (craniocervical junction syndrome, CCJ syndrome) is a combination of symptoms that are caused by an abnormality in the cervical vertebrae leading to improper function of cervical spinal nerves. Cervicocranial syndrome is either congenital [1] or acquired. [2]
Craniocervical instability is more common in people with a connective tissue disease, including Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, [1] osteogenesis imperfecta, and rheumatoid arthritis. [2] It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation , [ 3 ] or tethered spinal cord syndrome .
Patients who exhibit extreme joint hypermobility and connective tissue weakness as a result of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome or Marfan syndrome are susceptible to instabilities of the craniocervical junction; thus they are at risk for acquiring a Chiari malformation. Headache, neck pain, unsteady gait usually during childhood [4] 1.5
Craniocervical junction misalignment is also suspected as a factor in neurodegenerative diseases where altered CSF flow plays a part in the pathological process. Hyperextension (Whiplash) Injury A rear-end traffic collision or a poorly performed rugby tackle can both result in the head being whipped back on the shoulders, causing whiplash.
The phenomenon, when taken to mean "hot water freezes faster than cold", is difficult to reproduce or confirm because it is ill-defined. [4] Monwhea Jeng proposed a more precise wording: "There exists a set of initial parameters, and a pair of temperatures, such that given two bodies of water identical in these parameters, and differing only in initial uniform temperatures, the hot one will ...
Heat syncope is fainting or dizziness as a result of overheating (syncope is the medical term for fainting). It is a type of heat illness. The basic symptom of heat syncope is fainting, with or without mental confusion. [1] Heat syncope is caused by peripheral vessel dilation, resulting in diminished blood flow to the brain and dehydration.
The active zone of individual sympathetic varicosities, delineated by a high concentration of syntaxin, occupies an area on the pre-junctional membrane of about 0.2 μm 2; this gives a junctional gap between the pre-junctional active zone and post-junctional membranes that varies between about 50 and 100 nm.
The posterior cortical hot zone includes sensory cortical areas in the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. It is the “sensory” cortex, much as the frontal cortex is the “action” cortex. When parts of the posterior cortex are damaged, whole modalities of sensory experience disappear from both waking and dreaming .