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Egyptian astronomy started in prehistoric times, in the Predynastic Period. In the 5th millennium BCE, the stone circles at Nabta Playa may have made use of astronomical alignments. By the time the historical Dynastic Period began in the 3rd millennium BCE, the 365 day period of the Egyptian calendar was already in use, and the observation of ...
Decan. 'Diagonal star table' from the late 11th Dynasty coffin lid; found at Asyut, Egypt. Roemer- und Pelizaeus-Museum Hildesheim. The decans (/ ˈdɛkənz /; Egyptian bꜣktw or baktiu, " [those] connected with work" [1]) are 36 groups of stars (small constellations) used in the ancient Egyptian astronomy to conveniently divide the 360 degree ...
Astronomical ceiling decoration in its earliest form can be traced to the Tomb of Senenmut (Theban tomb no. 353), located at the site of Deir el-Bahri, discovered in Thebes, Upper Egypt. The tomb and the ceiling decorations date back to the XVIII Dynasty of ancient Egypt (circa 1479–1458 BCE).
The ancient Egyptian calendar – a civil calendar – was a solar calendar with a 365-day year. The year consisted of three seasons of 120 days each, plus an intercalary month of five epagomenal days treated as outside of the year proper. Each season was divided into four months of 30 days.
The Ancient Greeks developed astronomy, which they treated as a branch of mathematics, to a highly sophisticated level. The first geometrical, three-dimensional models to explain the apparent motion of the planets were developed in the 4th century BC by Eudoxus of Cnidus and Callippus of Cyzicus.
The Indestructibles (Ancient Egyptian: j.ḫmw-sk – literally "the ones not knowing destruction" [1][2]) was the name given by ancient Egyptian astronomers to two bright stars which, at that time, could always be seen circling the North Pole. [3] The name is directly related to Egyptian belief in constant North as a portal to heaven for ...
A merkhet (Science Museum, London) The merkhet or merjet (Ancient Egyptian: mrḫt, 'instrument of knowing' [1]) was an ancient surveying and timekeeping instrument. It involved the use of a bar with a plumb line, attached to a wooden handle. [2] It was used to track the alignment of certain stars called decans or "baktiu" in the Ancient Egyptian.
Almagest. An edition in Latin of the Almagestum in 1515. The Almagest (/ ˈælmədʒɛst / AL-mə-jest) is a 2nd-century mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths, written by Claudius Ptolemy (c. AD 100 –c.170) in Koine Greek. [ 1 ] One of the most influential scientific texts in history ...