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Flexion and extension are movements that affect the angle between two parts of the body. These terms come from the Latin words with the same meaning. [a] Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the angle between a segment and its proximal segment. [9] For example, bending the elbow, or clenching a hand into a fist, are examples of flexion ...
e. Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on.
In anatomy, flexion (from the Latin verb flectere, to bend) [1] is a joint movement that decreases the angle between the bones that converge at the joint. For example, one's elbow joint flexes when one brings their hand closer to the shoulder. Flexion is typically instigated by muscle contraction of a flexor.
Plantar flexion: One of the most popular lower leg muscle stretches is the step standing heel raises, which mainly involves the gastrocnemius, soleus, and the Achilles tendon. [41] Standing heel raises allow the individual to activate their calf muscles by standing on a step with toes and forefoot , leaving the heel hanging off the step, and ...
The Achilles tendon or heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. [1][2][3][4][5][6][excessive citations] It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause ...
When the foot is plantar flexed, the ankle joint also allows some movements of side to side gliding, rotation, adduction, and abduction. [12] The bony arch formed by the tibial plafond and the two malleoli is referred to as the ankle "mortise" (or talar mortise). The mortise is a rectangular socket. [1]
head of the radius. capitulum of the humerus. Is a ball-and-socket joint. Superior radioulnar joint. head of the radius. radial notch of the ulna. In any position of flexion or extension, the radius, carrying the hand with it, can be rotated in it. This movement includes pronation and supination.
The dorsiflexors move the foot through concentric muscle work around the axis of the ankle in the direction of dorsiflexion and control the plantar flexion through eccentric muscle work. The plantar flexors contribute significantly to being able to stand upright by actuating the forefoot lever and thereby increasing the standing area when standing.