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  2. Appropriations bill (United States) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriations_bill...

    In the United States Congress, an appropriations bill is legislation to appropriate [1] federal funds to specific federal government departments, agencies and programs. The money provides funding for operations, personnel, equipment and activities. [2] Regular appropriations bills are passed annually, with the funding they provide covering one ...

  3. United States budget process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_budget_process

    United States budget process. The United States budget process is the framework used by Congress and the President of the United States to formulate and create the United States federal budget. The process was established by the Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, [1] the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, [2] and ...

  4. United States House Committee on Appropriations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House...

    t. e. The United States House Committee on Appropriations is a committee of the United States House of Representatives that is responsible for passing appropriation bills along with its Senate counterpart. [1] The bills passed by the Appropriations Committee regulate expenditures of money by the government of the United States.

  5. Mandatory spending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_spending

    Congress legislates spending for mandatory programs outside of the annual appropriations bill process. Congress can only reduce the funding for programs by changing the authorization law itself. This normally requires a 60-vote majority in the Senate to pass. Discretionary spending on the other hand will not occur unless Congress acts each year ...

  6. Discretionary spending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discretionary_spending

    e. In American public finance, discretionary spending is government spending implemented through an appropriations bill. [1] This spending is an optional part of fiscal policy, in contrast to social programs for which funding is mandatory and determined by the number of eligible recipients. [2] Some examples of areas funded by discretionary ...

  7. Experimental economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_economics

    Contents. Experimental economics. Experimental economics is the application of experimental methods [ 1 ] to study economic questions. Data collected in experiments are used to estimate effect size, test the validity of economic theories, and illuminate market mechanisms. Economic experiments usually use cash to motivate subjects, in order to ...

  8. Scientific misconduct - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_misconduct

    Scientific misconduct is the violation of the standard codes of scholarly conduct and ethical behavior in the publication of professional scientific research. It is violation of scientific integrity: violation of the scientific method and of research ethics in science, including in the design, conduct, and reporting of research.

  9. Basic research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_research

    Basic research. Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena. [1] In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or ...