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The Automatic Depressurization System (ADS) consists of a series of valves which open to vent steam several feet under the surface of a large pool of liquid water (known as the wetwell or torus) in pressure suppression type containments (typically used in boiling water reactor designs), or directly into the primary containment structure in ...
GE Energy ESBWR website; Status report 100 - Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) [permanent dead link ], ARIS, IAEA, 01-08-2011; POWER magazine article on the ESBWR Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine; NRC ESBWR Overview page; ESBWR Probabilistic Risk Assessment; ESBWR Design Control Document, Rev. 10
The Reactor Protection System (RPS) is a system, computerized in later BWR models, that is designed to automatically, rapidly, and completely shut down and make safe the Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS – the reactor pressure vessel, pumps, and water/steam piping within the containment) if some event occurs that could result in the reactor entering an unsafe operating condition.
Slightly different versions of the ABWR are offered by GE-Hitachi, Hitachi-GE, and Toshiba. [5]In 1997 the GE-Hitachi U.S. ABWR design was certified as a final design in final form by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, meaning that its performance, efficiency, output, and safety have already been verified, making it bureaucratically easier to build it rather than a non-certified design.
BWR designs operate constantly at about half the primary system pressure of PWR designs while producing the same quantity and quality of steam in a compact system: 1020 psi (7 MPa) reactor vessel pressure, and 288 °C temperature for BWR which is lower than 2240 psi (14.4 MPa) and 326 °C for PWR.
During the accident at the Fukushima nuclear plant in 2011, the operators did not open the valve manually, and emergency system had been activated too late and could not work for long. Operators did not know if they should have left the valves open or not when the tanks of two condensers were emptied of their water cooling.
Passive nuclear safety is a design approach for safety features, implemented in a nuclear reactor, that does not require any active intervention on the part of the operator or electrical/electronic feedback in order to bring the reactor to a safe shutdown state, in the event of a particular type of emergency (usually overheating resulting from a loss of coolant or loss of coolant flow).
The BWRX-300 is a smaller evolution of an earlier GE Hitachi reactor design, note the Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) design and utilizing components of the operational Advanced boiling water reactor (ABWR) reactor. [1] Boiling water reactors are nuclear technology that use ordinary light water as a nuclear reactor coolant ...