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A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is known to be liquid at standard temperature and pressure; [a] the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is the halogen bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature.
Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H 2 O.It is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, [c] and nearly colorless chemical substance.It is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a solvent [20]).
A liquid mixture of nitric acid (HNO 3) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3, so named by historical alchemists because it is capable of dissolving the noble metals gold and platinum. aquation The process by which water molecules solvate or form coordination complexes with ions. [3] aqueous solution A solution in which ...
The polarized form of the water molecule, H + OH −, is also called hydron hydroxide by IUPAC nomenclature. [106] Water substance is a rare term used for H 2 O when one does not wish to specify the phase of matter (liquid water, water vapor, some form of ice, or a component in a mixture) though the term "water" is also used with this general ...
Ruthenium is from the Latin name for the region including Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia. [29] Lutetium is named after Lutetia, the Latin name for Paris. Copper's name comes from an Old English word derived from the Latin name for the island of Cyprus. [30] The names of both magnesium and manganese derive from the Greek region of Magnesia. [31]
Meaning "water-silver", because it is a liquid like water (at room temperature), and has a silvery metallic sheen. [3] [55] Thallium (Tl) 81 θαλλός (thallos) Greek "green twig" descriptive From Greek θαλλός (thallos), which means "a green shoot (twig)", because of its bright-green spectral emission lines. Lead (Pb) 82 lead: Anglo-Saxon
Planetary names and symbols for the metals – the seven planets and seven metals known since Classical times in Europe and the Mideast – was ubiquitous in alchemy. The association of what are anachronistically known as planetary metals started breaking down with the discovery of antimony, bismuth and zinc in the 16th century.
The number of protons is called the atomic number of that element. For example, oxygen has an atomic number of 8, meaning each oxygen atom has 8 protons in its nucleus. Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, known as isotopes of the element. Two or more atoms can combine to form molecules.