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The nitrogen compounds through which excess nitrogen is eliminated from organisms are called nitrogenous wastes (/ n aɪ ˈ t r ɒ dʒ ɪ n ə s /) or nitrogen wastes. They are ammonia, urea, uric acid, and creatinine. All of these substances are produced from protein metabolism.
It is also used to describe a topsoil horizon that contains organic matter (humus type, [4] humus form, [5] or humus profile [6]). Humus has many nutrients that improve the health of soil, nitrogen being the most important. The ratio of carbon to nitrogen of humus commonly ranges between 8:1 and 15:1 with the median being about 12:1. [7]
Biodegradable waste includes any organic matter in waste which can be broken down into carbon dioxide, water, methane, compost, humus, and simple organic molecules by micro-organisms and other living things by composting, aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion or similar processes.
Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients.It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters (lakes, rivers and coastal waters), in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algal growth. [1]
Sewage sludge is an agglomeration of concentrated wastes, and therefore it contains many potentially extractable and useable components. [48] These can include using sludge to produce energy, create carbon-based components, extract phosphorus and nitrogen , or make bricks or other construction materials.
At the time, this proposal was called "ocean storage" but more precisely it was known as "direct deep-sea carbon dioxide injection". However, the interest in this avenue of carbon storage has much reduced since about 2001 because of concerns about the unknown impacts on marine life [ 177 ] : 279 , high costs and concerns about its stability or ...
Urine contains large quantities of nitrogen (mostly as urea), as well as reasonable quantities of dissolved potassium. [15] The nutrient concentrations in urine vary with diet. [16] In particular, the nitrogen content in urine is related to quantity of protein in the diet: A high protein diet results in high urea levels in urine. The nitrogen ...
The terms carbon capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) are closely related and often used interchangeably. [3] Both terms have been used predominantly to refer to enhanced oil recovery (EOR) a process in which captured CO 2 is injected into partially-depleted oil reservoirs in order to extract more oil. [3]