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  2. Turning a blind eye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turning_a_blind_eye

    The phrase to turn a blind eye is often associated with Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson at the Battle of Copenhagen in 1801. An orchestrated version of what actually happened gives the story that during the battle, Admiral Sir Hyde Parker , in overall command of the British forces, sent a signal to Nelson's forces ordering them to discontinue the ...

  3. Blind spot (vision) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_spot_(vision)

    Distribution of rods and cones along a line passing through the fovea and the blind spot of a human eye [1]. A blind spot, scotoma, is an obscuration of the visual field.A particular blind spot known as the physiological blind spot, "blind point", or punctum caecum in medical literature, is the place in the visual field that corresponds to the lack of light-detecting photoreceptor cells on the ...

  4. Optic nerve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_nerve

    The accommodation reflex refers to the swelling of the lens of the eye that occurs when one looks at a near object (for example: when reading, the lens adjusts to near vision). [1] The eye's blind spot is a result of the absence of photoreceptors in the area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye. [1]

  5. Accommodation reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex

    Light from a single point of a distant object and light from a single point of a near object being brought to a focus. The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape (accommodation) and pupil size.

  6. Vestibulo-ocular reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestibulo-ocular_reflex

    The same neural integrators also generate eye position for other conjugate eye movements such as saccades and smooth pursuit. The integrator is leaky, with a characteristic leaking time of 20 s. For example, when the subject is sitting still and focusing on an object, and suddenly the light is turned off, the eyes would return to their neutral ...

  7. Extraocular muscles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraocular_muscles

    Paradoxically, turning the eye up and out uses the inferior oblique muscle, and turning it down and out uses the superior oblique. All of these six movements can be tested by drawing a large "H" in the air with a finger or other object in front of a patient's face and having them follow the tip of the finger or object with their eyes without ...

  8. Fovea centralis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fovea_centralis

    The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.It is located in the center of the macula lutea of the retina. [1] [2]The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision (also called foveal vision), which is necessary in humans for activities for which visual detail is of primary importance, such as reading and driving.

  9. Optic chiasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_chiasm

    This article is about the optic chiasm of vertebrates, which is the best known nerve chiasm, but not every chiasm denotes a crossing of the body midline (e.g., in some invertebrates, see Chiasm (anatomy)). A midline crossing of nerves inside the brain is called a decussation (see Definition of types of crossings).