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The Mariana Islands (/ ˌ m ær i ˈ ɑː n ə / MARR-ee-AH-nə; Chamorro: Manislan Mariånas), also simply the Marianas, are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, between the 12th and 21st parallels north and along the 145th meridian east.
The islands were settled around 1500 BC when various peoples migrated there. Eventually, the islands were claimed by Spain in 1521. [5] In the 18th century, the people of the northern Marianas were forced by Spain to relocate, and when they returned, new peoples migrated there.
The southern islands of the Mariana Islands archipelago. The distance between Guam and Saipan is about 135 miles (218 km) The first violence against the mission was an August 1668 violent attack against missionary Fr. Morales on Tinian, who was ambushed and speared in the leg as he went to baptize a dying man.
Hotel on Rota Map of the four municipalities of the Northern Mariana Islands, with Rota highlighted in red. It is the southernmost. Rota (Chamorro: Luta), also known as the "Friendly Island", is the southernmost island of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) and the third southernmost of the Marianas Archipelago (the first being Cocos Island).
Asuncion was ceded by Spain to Germany through the German–Spanish Treaty (1899), together with the rest of the Mariana Islands (except Guam). The formalities of the cession were carried out on November 17, 1899, in Saipan, for all the Northern Mariana Islands.
Farallon de Medinilla , also known as No'os, is a small uninhabited island in the Northern Mariana Islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is located 45 nautical miles (83 km) north of Saipan and is the smallest island in the archipelago (not counting the Zealandia Bank). Politically, it is part of the Northern Islands Municipality.
The Northern Mariana Islands were a German protectorate until 1919, when they became part of the South Seas Mandate, administered by Japan. [4] [5] At the close of World War II, the Marianas became part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. [6] In 1975, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands became a self-governing territory.
His three-ship fleet arrived on March 6, 1521, after a long voyage across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, from Spain. History credits the village of Umatac as his landing place, but drawings from the navigator's diary suggest that Magellan may have landed in Tumon in northern Guam. The expedition had started out in Spain with five ships.