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Botox or Dysport injections have the advantage of ready availability (the same form is used for cosmetic surgery) and the effects are not permanent. There is a risk of temporary paralysis of the muscles being injected or the leaking of the toxin into adjacent muscle groups, causing weakness or paralysis in them.
Botulinum toxin, or botulinum neurotoxin (commonly called botox), is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species. [24] It prevents the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from axon endings at the neuromuscular junction, thus causing flaccid paralysis. [25]
Medicis Pharmaceutical is a medical cosmetics company based in Bridgewater, New Jersey.It is a subsidiary of Valeant Pharmaceuticals, which acquired the company in 2012. [1] [2] Medicis is known for products such as Solodyn and Ziana for treating acne, and for Restylane and Dysport for treating facial wrinkles.
Symptoms of Wrinkles. Wrinkles are a symptom of aging, but some early signs of wrinkles can include fine lines. Later, deep wrinkles may form, particularly around the mouth, nose, eyes, and forehead.
Dysport [29] (Botulinum toxin) is a prescription medicine used for pathologies characterized by involuntary and uncomfortable muscle contractions (dystonias: blepharospasm, spasmodic torticollis, hemifacial spasm; spasticity: spasticity of the upper or lower limb, dynamic deformation of the equine foot). This drug is also used in aesthetic ...
In 2007, Galderma and Ipsen signed a licensing agreement for the distribution of the botulinum toxin Dysport, known as Azzalure in the European Union. More than 40 million treatments have been performed in the United States and the European Union. [20]
It was known in the 19th century to have a paralysing effect, due in part to the studies of scientists like Claude Bernard. [32] D-tubocurarine a mono -quaternary alkaloid was isolated from Chondrodendron tomentosum in 1942, and it was shown to be the major constituent in curare responsible for producing the paralysing effect.