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As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent. As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant [16] and has the potential of causing severe neurological ...
The simplest member, toluene (or methylbenzene), has the hydrogen atom of the benzene ring replaced by a methyl group. The chemical formula of alkylbenzenes is C n H 2n-6. [2] Safety hazards of toluene. Oftentimes, toluene is used as an organic solvent.
4-Methylbenzaldehyde is the aromatic aldehyde with the formula CH 3 C 6 H 4 CHO. It is a colorless liquid. Commercially available, it may be prepared from the Friedel-Crafts formylation of toluene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride under Gattermann-Koch conditions.
MICROORGANISM TYPE ( Bacterium / Fungus ) FOOD / BEVERAGE Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: chocolate [1]Acetobacter aceti: bacterium: vinegar [2]Acetobacter cerevisiae
Xylene is used in the laboratory to make baths with dry ice to cool reaction vessels, [17] and as a solvent to remove synthetic immersion oil from the microscope objective in light microscopy. [18] In histology, xylene is the most widely used clearing agent. [19] Xylene is used to remove paraffin from dried microscope slides prior to staining.
It is used in jet fuel, mixed with other hydrocarbons, to prevent the formation of solid particles which might damage the engine. German chemist Oscar Jacobsen first prepared the hydrocarbon in 1882 and designated it hemellitol as a reference to the trivial name of hexamethylbenzene. [4] Four years later he also discovered it in the coal tar. [5]
In the cymene–cresol process, toluene is alkylated with propylene to give isomers of cymene, which can be oxidatively dealkylated analogous to the cumene process. Another method, involves carbonylation of a mixture of methallyl chloride and acetylene in the presence of nickel carbonyl .
The chemical toluene provides the aromatic smell of contact cement and other glue and is the culprit behind the addiction. Toluene abusers are exposed to levels above 1000 ppm (parts per million). Levels of exposure greater than 600 ppm cause confusion and delirium.