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Clostridial necrotizing enteritis (CNE) is a severe and potentially fatal type of food poisoning caused by a β-toxin of Clostridium perfringens, [1] Type C. It occurs in some developing regions, particularly in New Guinea, where it is known as pig-bel.
Clostridium perfringens (formerly known as C. welchii, or Bacillus welchii) is a Gram-positive, bacillus (rod-shaped), anaerobic, spore-forming pathogenic bacterium of the genus Clostridium. [1] [2] C. perfringens is ever-present in nature and can be found as a normal component of decaying vegetation, marine sediment, the intestinal tract of ...
This toxin has been shown to be the key virulence factor in infection with C. perfringens; the bacterium is unable to cause disease without this toxin. [1] Further, vaccination against the alpha toxin toxoid protects mice against C. perfringens gas gangrene. [2]
Clostridium species (Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium septicum, and Clostridium sordellii) [4] In polymicrobial (mixed) infections, Group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes) is the most commonly found bacterium, followed by S. aureus. [10] However, when the infection is caused solely by S. pyogenes and/or S. aureus, it is classified as a Type II ...
Because C. perfringens beta toxin shares homology with S. aureus pore-forming alpha toxin, it was hypothesized that beta toxin acts in a similar way. Upon investigation, it was found that C. perfringens beta toxin forms cation-selective pores in cell membranes [4] of 1.6–1.8 nm [5] and results in swelling and lysis in HL60 cells. [6]
Species of the class Clostridia are often but not always Gram-positive (see Halanaerobium) and have the ability to form spores. [1] Studies show they are not a monophyletic group, and their relationships are not entirely certain. Currently, most are placed in a single order called Clostridiales, but this is not a natural group and is likely to ...
This is especially true because limited treatment options are available to use after carbapenem resistance develops. Most current research calls for a coordinated, multifaceted approach to infection prevention and containment, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have issued preliminary guidelines for the control of CRE ...
Clostridium septicum [1] is a gram positive, spore forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium. Clostridium septicum can cause gas gangrene, but unlike other Clostridium species like Clostridium perfringens, no trauma is necessary at the site of the infection. It is thought that the infection is established by hematogenous spread from the ...