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Passive redundancy is used to achieve high availability by including enough excess capacity in the design to accommodate a performance decline. The simplest example is a boat with two separate engines driving two separate propellers. The boat continues toward its destination despite failure of a single engine or propeller.
For example, if a machine is planned to run 100 hours a week, but in reality runs only 50, then the availability is 50%. [3] Performance – compares the ideal output and the actual output. For example, if a certain process is planned to take 10 minutes, but actually takes 20, then the productivity is 50%. [3]
Commoditization can be the desired outcome of an entity in the market, or it can be an unintentional outcome that no party actively sought to achieve. (For example, see Xerox#Trademark.) According to Neo-classical economic theory, consumers can benefit from commoditization, since perfect competition usually leads to lower prices. Branded ...
Service Level Objective (SLO): objectives based on these indicators, like 99.95% availability; Service Level Agreement (SLA): contract based on these objectives; a sample clause may be "if availability is 99% to 99.95% in a given month, the customer gets 10% off their monthly bill". [5] SLIs form the basis of SLOs, which in turn form the basis ...
Availability of parallel components = 1 - (1 - X)^ N [3] Using parallel components can exponentially increase the availability of overall system. [2] For example if each of your hosts has only 50% availability, by using 10 of hosts in parallel, you can achieve 99.9023% availability. [3] Note that redundancy doesn’t always lead to higher ...
In economics, the field of public finance deals with three broad areas: macroeconomic stabilization, the distribution of income and wealth, and the allocation of resources. . Much of the study of the allocation of resources is devoted to finding the conditions under which particular mechanisms of resource allocation lead to Pareto efficient outcomes, in which no party's situation can be ...
Capacity planning is the process of determining the production capacity needed by an organization to meet changing demands for its products. [1] In the context of capacity planning, design capacity is the maximum amount of work that an organization or individual is capable of completing in a given period.
Next, a manager must develop a collaborative plan that achieve the goals he/she sets out to achieve. Finally a manager must develop the right controls to ensure the goals/mission can be met. If a manager follows the recommendations made by this theory, then they will have implemented a proper global supply chain that focuses on human ...