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Dimethyl sulfone (DMSO 2) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH 3) 2 SO 2. It is also known by several other names including methyl sulfone and (especially in alternative medicine) methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). [4] This colorless solid features the sulfonyl functional group and is the simplest of the sulfones. It is relatively inert ...
Methanesulfonic acid (MsOH, MSA) or methanesulphonic acid (in British English) is an organosulfuric, colorless liquid with the molecular formula CH 3 SO 3 H and structure H 3 C−S(=O) 2 −OH. It is the simplest of the alkylsulfonic acids ( R−S(=O) 2 −OH ).
Organosulfur chemistry is the study of the properties and synthesis of organosulfur compounds, which are organic compounds that contain sulfur. [1] They are often associated with foul odors, but many of the sweetest compounds known are organosulfur derivatives, e.g., saccharin.
Sodium methylsulfinylmethylide (also called NaDMSO or dimsyl sodium) is the sodium salt of the conjugate base of dimethyl sulfoxide. This unusual salt has some uses in organic chemistry as a base and nucleophile. Since the first publication in 1965 by Corey et al., [2] a number of additional uses for this reagent have been identified. [3]
A common example is sodium lauryl sulfate, with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 11 OSO 3 Na. Also common in consumer products are the sulfate esters of ethoxylated fatty alcohols such as those derived from lauryl alcohol. An example is sodium laureth sulfate, an ingredient in some cosmetics. [2]
The general formula is R−SO 2 NR'R" or R−S(=O) 2 −NR'R", where each R is some organic group; for example, "methanesulfonamide" (where R = methane, R' = R" = hydrogen) is CH 3 SO 2 NH 2. Any sulfonamide can be considered as derived from a sulfonic acid by replacing a hydroxyl group ( −OH ) with an amine group.
The intermediate benzenesulfonic acid can be chlorinated with thionyl chloride as well. Benzenesulfonyl chloride, the most important sulfonyl halide, can also be produced by treating sodium benzenesulfonate with phosphorus pentachlorides. [5] Benzenediazonium chloride reacts with sulfur dioxide and copper(I) chloride to give the sulfonyl chloride:
Passage of hydrogen chloride through molten Ms 2 O yields MsCl. [3]Similar to MsCl, Ms 2 O can perform mesylation of alcohols to form sulfonates.Use of Ms 2 O avoids the alkyl chloride, which often appears as a side-product when MsCl is used. [4]