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The Arabian oryx or white oryx (Oryx leucoryx) is a medium-sized antelope with a distinct shoulder bump, long, straight horns, and a tufted tail. [2] It is a bovid , and the smallest member of the genus Oryx , native to desert and steppe areas of the Arabian Peninsula .
The Arabian oryx was known to be in decline since the early 1900s in the Arabian Peninsula. By the 1930 there were two separate populations isolated from each other. [6] In 1960, Lee M. Talbot reported that Arabian oryx appeared to be extinct in its former range along the southern edge of Ar-Rub' al-Khali.
The Arabian Oryx is one of the first animals reintroduced via a captive breeding program. Captive breeding techniques began with the first human domestication of animals such as goats, and plants like wheat, at least 10,000 years ago. [7]
The Arabian oryx was only saved from extinction through a captive-breeding program and reintroduction to the wild. [2] The scimitar oryx , which was listed as extinct in the wild , also relied on a captive-breeding program for its survival.
The reserve has been chosen for the reintroduction of oryx that have been bred in a captive breeding programme. It has also been selected as being suitable for the re-establishment of herds of Arabian sand gazelle ( Gazella subgutturosa marica ), mountain gazelle ( Gazella gazella ) and ostrich ( Struthio camelus ), all of which have ...
However, a captive breeding programme had been initiated at the Phoenix Zoo in the United States in the 1960s and the oryx has since been successfully reintroduced into the wild in the Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area in Saudi Arabia, a fenced reserve of over 2,200 km 2 (850 sq mi). [7]
The Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) is a species of antelope native to the Arabian Peninsula and is locally referred to as Al Maha. Despite the last wild Oryx being shot in 1972, captive breeding and subsequent reintroduction efforts downlisted the species from endangered to vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, a three-category improvement. [13]
National animals of the Levant: Arabian oryx (Jordan), mountain gazelle and hoopoe (), striped hyena (Lebanon), Palestine sunbird (Palestine), and saker falcon (Syria). The wildlife of the Levant encompasses all types of wild plants and animals, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fresh and saltwater fish, and invertebrates, that inhabit the region historically known as the Levant ...