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Dimethyldichlorosilane is a tetrahedral organosilicon compound with the formula Si(CH 3) 2 Cl 2. At room temperature it is a colorless liquid that readily reacts with water to form both linear and cyclic Si-O chains. Dimethyldichlorosilane is made on an industrial scale as the principal precursor to dimethylsilicone and polysilane compounds.
CH 4 + Cl 2 → CH 3 Cl + HCl CH 3 Cl + Cl 2 → CH 2 Cl 2 + HCl CH 2 Cl 2 + Cl 2 → CHCl 3 + HCl CHCl 3 + Cl 2 → CCl 4 + HCl. The output of these processes is a mixture of chloromethane, dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride as well as hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. These compounds are separated by distillation.
Density [3] 1002.9 kg/m 3 at -24.2 °C (liquid) 2.55 kg/m 3 at -24.2 °C (gas) 2.22 kg/m 3 at 0 °C (gas) 2.134 kg/m 3 at 15 °C (gas) Surface tension [4] 19.5 dyn/cm at 0 °C 17.8 dyn/cm at 10 °C 16.2 dyn/cm at 20 °C Viscosity [5] 0.2280 mPa·s at 0 °C 0.1784 mPa·s at 20 °C 0.1440 mPa·s at 40 °C Thermal conductivity: 10.5 mW/(m·K) at 0 °C
2 CH 3 Cl + Si → (CH 3) 4−n SiCl n + other products While this reaction is the standard in industrial silicone production and is nearly identical to the first direct synthesis of methyltrichlorosilane, the overall process is inefficient with respect to methyltrichlorosilane. [ 2 ]
The chemical formula of PDMS is CH 3 [Si(CH 3) 2 O] n Si(CH 3) 3, where n is the number of repeating monomer [Si(CH 3) 2 O] units. [4] Industrial synthesis can begin from dimethyldichlorosilane and water by the following net reaction: n Si(CH 3) 2 Cl 2 + (n+1) H 2 O → HO[Si(CH 3) 2 O] n H + 2n HCl. The polymerization reaction evolves ...
[3] [5] A large-scale hydrolysis was done in a mixed ether/alkane solvent system at 0 °C, which gave a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile [H 2 SiO] n. Fischer and Kiegsmann attempted the hydrolysis of dichlorosilane in hexane, using NiCl 2 ⋅6H 2 O as the water source, but the system failed. [ 3 ]
The official SI symbols are g/cm 3, g·cm −3, or g cm −3. It is equivalent to the units gram per millilitre (g/mL) and kilogram per litre (kg/L). The density of water is about 1 g/cm 3, since the gram was originally defined as the mass of one cubic centimetre of water at its maximum density at 4 °C (39 °F). [1]
Liquid water has a density of approximately 1 g/cm 3 (1 g/mL). Thus 100 mL of water is equal to approximately 100 g. Thus 100 mL of water is equal to approximately 100 g. Therefore, a solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in final volume of 100 mL aqueous solution may also be considered 1% m/m (1 g solute in 99 g water).