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Vaginal tears can occur during childbirth, most often at the introitus as the baby's head passes through, especially if the baby descends quickly. Episiotomies are used in an effort to prevent soft-tissue tearing (perineal tear) which may involve the anal sphincter and rectum. Tears can involve the perineal skin or extend to the muscles and the ...
Antenatal perineal massage (APM) or Birth Canal Widening (BCW) is the massage of a pregnant woman's perineum – the skin and deep tissues around the opening to the vagina (or 'birth canal' – when a baby is in this passage), performed in the 4 to 6 weeks before childbirth, i.e., 34 weeks or sooner (Reference 7, as more births are occurring at around 28 weeks) and continued weekly until birth.
The pain may be described as a burning, tingling, stabbing, or electric-shock like sensation and it is usually only affects one side of the body. [2] Pudendal neuralgia can arise from trauma, overuse, sports, surgery, radiation therapy , tumors, viruses (e.g. Herpes Zoster , HIV ), endometriosis , multiple sclerosis , pudendal nerve entrapment ...
The pudendal nerve is the main nerve of the perineum. [1]: 274 It is a mixed (motor and sensory) nerve and also conveys sympathetic autonomic fibers.It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum, as well as the motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the male or female external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.
A perineal tear is a laceration of the skin and other soft tissue structures which, in women, separate the vagina from the anus. Perineal tears mainly occur in women as a result of vaginal childbirth, which strains the perineum. It is the most common form of obstetric injury. [1] Tears vary widely in severity.
Pain may also involve the supra-pubic region and the sacrum. [6] The pain may be only on one side, [10] [17] or on both sides. [15] Another possible site of pain is the coccyx. The area where the pain is perceived may be influenced by the exact site of nerve impingement, anatomic variations of the nerve and its branches, and also central ...
This is to prevent unintended pregnancy and reduce the risk of abortion and short-interval pregnancy, which may increase the risk of preterm delivery and neonatal complications. [ 33 ] Of the many reversible contraceptive measures, the Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) is the most effective with greater compliance by the patients.
The perineal nerve is a branch of the pudendal nerve. [1] [2] It lies below the internal pudendal artery.It accompanies the perineal artery.It passes through the pudendal canal for around 2 or 3 cm. [1] [2] Whilst still in the canal, it divides into superficial branches and a deep branch. [1]
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