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The term "gastralia" was proposed by Georg Baur in 1898. [6] They had previously been termed "abdominal ribs", [7] but because the term "abdominal ribs" has been applied to various structures, and the gastralia are not true ribs, this is not considered an appopriate term.
The scute effectively forms the skin over the underlying bony structures; there is a very thin layer of subcutaneous tissue between the scute and the skeleton. The scutes can be brightly colored in some species, and turtle shells often follow Thayer's law with carapace usually being a darker patterning than the plastron, [ 25 ] though there are ...
Diagram of a prawn, with the carapace highlighted in red. A carapace is a dorsal (upper) section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods, such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates, such as turtles and tortoises.
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals.There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is a rigid outer shell that holds up an organism's shape; the endoskeleton, a rigid internal frame to which the organs and soft tissues attach; and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal structure supported by the hydrostatic pressure of body fluids.
The Pleurodira are one of the two living suborders of turtles, the other being the Cryptodira.The division between these two suborders represents a very deep evolutionary divide between two very different types of turtles.
Stromatoporoids are robust sponges with a dense calcite skeleton lacking spicules. Like other sponges, they grow outwards and upwards from a single base attached firmly to the substrate. Most were ambitopic (occupying soft substrate such as mud or sand for most of their life), though some were encrusting (concreted onto hard substrates such as ...
The insect's outer skeleton, the cuticle, consists of two layers; the epicuticle, which is a thin, waxy, water-resistant outer layer that lacks chitin, and the layer under it is called the procuticle. This is chitinous and much thicker than the epicuticle and has two layers, the outer is the exocuticle while the inner is the endocuticle.
A scleritome is a skeleton made of isolated elements, like the scales of organisms such as the halwaxiids, the teeth in a radula, [4] spicules in a sponge skeleton, or the elements in a conodont apparatus. [5] The term was coined by the palaeontologist Stefan Bengtson. [5]