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Lumpectomy (sometimes known as a tylectomy, partial mastectomy, breast segmental resection or breast wide local excision) is a surgical removal of a discrete portion or "lump" of breast tissue, usually in the treatment of a malignant tumor or breast cancer. [1]
Cytology and histology can be used to differentiate between PR and CR in rare cases (e.g., after treatment to differentiate between residual benign lesions and residual malignant lesions in tumor types such as germ cell tumors).
Cancer, malignant neoplasm: Malignant tumor (right) spreads uncontrollably and invades the surrounding tissues; benign tumor (left) remains self-contained from neighbouring tissue: Specialty: Oncology: Symptoms: Fatigue, lump(s), change in skin, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss [1] Risk factors
The tumor may be in the form of a hard plaque or a papule, often with an opalescent quality, with tiny blood vessels; The tumor can lie below the level of the surrounding skin, and eventually ulcerates and invades the underlying tissue; The tumor commonly presents on sun-exposed areas (e.g. back of the hand, scalp, lip, and superior surface of ...
The TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors (TNM) is a globally recognised standard for classifying the anatomical extent of the spread of malignant tumours (cancer). It has gained wide international acceptance for many solid tumor cancers, but is not applicable to leukaemia or tumors of the central nervous system. Most common tumors have their ...
Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an oncologist . [ 1 ] The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος ( ónkos ), meaning "tumor", "volume" or "mass". [ 2 ]
Treatment options for soft-tissue sarcomas include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. [3] Surgery is the most common treatment for soft-tissue sarcomas, and usually the only way to achieve a cure. The tumor is removed leaving a safe margin of surrounding healthy tissue to decrease the chances of its recurrence.
Grading in cancer is distinguished from staging, which is a measure of the extent to which the cancer has spread. Pathology grading systems classify the microscopic cell appearance abnormality and deviations in their rate of growth with the goal of predicting developments at tissue level (see also the 4 major histological changes in dysplasia ).