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This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles.. Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species.
The largest grouping of minerals by far are the silicates; most rocks are composed of greater than 95% silicate minerals, and over 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of these minerals. [102] The two main constituents of silicates are silicon and oxygen, which are the two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust.
List of rocks on Mars – Alphabetical list of named rocks and meteorites found on Mars; Rock cycle – Transitional concept of geologic time; List of rock formations: for a list of unusual or culturally significant rock outcrops; Leaverite – Rock in the field that looks interesting but is actually not
The proportion of silica in rocks and minerals is a major factor in determining their names and properties. [7] Rock outcrop along a mountain creek near Orosí, Costa Rica. Rocks are classified according to characteristics such as mineral and chemical composition, permeability, texture of the constituent particles, and particle size.
A rock may consist of one type of mineral or may be an aggregate of two or more different types of minerals, spacially segregated into distinct phases. Some natural solid substances without a definite crystalline structure, such as opal or obsidian, are more properly called mineraloids. If a chemical compound occurs naturally with different ...
This list includes those recognised minerals beginning with the letter N.The International Mineralogical Association is the international group that recognises new minerals and new mineral names; however, minerals discovered before 1959 did not go through the official naming procedure, although some minerals published previously have been either confirmed or discredited since that date.
Eilat stone; Epidosite; Glimmerite; Goldstone (glittering glass) Tiger's eye; Helenite (artificial glass made from volcanic ash) Iddingsite; Kimberlite; Lamproite; Lapis lazuli; Libyan desert glass; Llanite; Maw sit sit; Moldavite; Obsidian; Apache tears; Pallasite; Peridotite (also known as olivinite) Siilinjärvi carbonatite; Soapstone (also ...
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...