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Referring to a common salt of fluoride, sodium fluoride (NaF), the lethal dose for most adult humans is estimated at 5 to 10 g (which is equivalent to 32 to 64 mg elemental fluoride/kg body weight). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Ingestion of fluoride can produce gastrointestinal discomfort at doses at least 15 to 20 times lower (0.2–0.3 mg/kg or 10 to 15 ...
But fluoride has become the focus of several conspiracy theories over the past few years, raising questions about its use. Some people allege that fluoride is harmful, while others say it's a ...
Ligaments and cartilage can become ossified. [2] Most patients with skeletal fluorosis show side effects from the high fluoride dose such as ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. [3] Fluoride can also damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism, the uncontrolled secretion of parathyroid hormones. These hormones regulate ...
Fluoride is classified as a weak base since it only partially associates in solution, but concentrated fluoride is corrosive and can attack the skin. Fluoride is the simplest fluorine anion. In terms of charge and size, the fluoride ion resembles the hydroxide ion. Fluoride ions occur on Earth in several minerals, particularly fluorite, but are ...
A new report that analyzes research on fluoride and IQ scores finds that the more fluoride a child is exposed to, the lower he or she tends to score on intelligence tests. The findings' relevance ...
The same was true for fluoride levels of less than 1.5 mg/L, which is the upper safe limit of fluoride in drinking water as established by the World Health Organization.
Ingested fluoride forms hydrofluoric acid in the stomach. In this form, fluoride crosses cell membranes and then binds with calcium and interferes with various enzymes. Fluoride is excreted through urine. Fluoride exposure limits are based on urine testing, which is used to determine the human body's capacity for ridding itself of fluoride. [69 ...
Note: The issue of adding fluoride to Abilene’s water supply has been addressed several times over the last 40 years. Most recently, the pros and cons of fluoride were discussed this past spring ...