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Pindolol, sold under the brand name Visken among others, is a nonselective beta blocker which is used in the treatment of hypertension. [1] [2] It is also an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT 1A receptor, preferentially blocking inhibitory 5-HT 1A autoreceptors, and has been researched as an add-on therapy to various antidepressants, such as clomipramine and the selective serotonin reuptake ...
Propranolol (Inderal) for performance anxiety: propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker used for the treatment of hypertension and the prophylaxis of angina pectoris. In 1991, a published study showed that a single dose of propranolol immediately before the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) significantly improved performance in high school ...
Class of medications that are competitive antagonists that block the receptor sites for the endogenous catecholamines epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) on adrenergic beta receptors, of the sympathetic nervous system.
[16] [18] [22] By comparison, labetalol is a weaker β-adrenergic receptor blocker than propranolol, and has a weaker affinity for α-adrenergic receptors compared to phentolamine. [19] [18] Labetalol's dual α- and β-adrenergic antagonism has different physiological effects in short- and long-term situations.
Figure 1: The chemical structure of dichloroisoprenaline or dichloroisoproterenol (), abbreviated DCI — the first β-blocker to be developed. β adrenergic receptor antagonists (also called beta-blockers or β-blockers) were initially developed in the 1960s, for the treatment of angina pectoris but are now also used for hypertension, congestive heart failure and certain arrhythmias. [1]
Propranolol was patented in 1962 and approved for medical use in 1964. [9] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [10] Propranolol is available as a generic medication. [2] In 2022, it was the 77th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 8 million prescriptions. [11] [12]
Oxprenolol is a chiral compound, the beta blocker is used as a racemate, e. g. a 1:1 mixture of (R)-(+)-oxprenolol and (S)-(–)-oxprenolol.Analytical methods () for the separation and quantification of (R)-(+)-oxprenolol and (S)-(–)-oxprenolol in urine and in pharmaceutical formulations have been described in the literature.
The main medical use for pizotifen is for the prevention of migraine and cluster headache.Pizotifen is one of a range of medications used for this purpose, other options include propranolol, topiramate, valproic acid, cyproheptadine and amitriptyline.
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related to: alternative for propranolol- 109 S High St #100, Columbus, OH · Directions · (614) 224-4261
