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Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or multiple infectious causes. The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if severe enough include but are not limited to appendicitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, diverticulitis, pyelonephritis, meningitis, pancreatitis, necrotizing fasciitis, MRSA and mesenteric ischemia.
Distributive shock is a medical condition in which abnormal distribution of blood flow in the smallest blood vessels results in inadequate supply of blood to the body's tissues and organs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is one of four categories of shock , a condition where there is not enough oxygen -carrying blood to meet the metabolic needs of the cells ...
The definition of SIRS is shown below: SIRS is the presence of two or more of the following: abnormal body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, or blood gas, and white blood cell count. Sepsis is defined as SIRS in response to an infectious process. [48]
A blood gas test or blood gas analysis tests blood to measure blood gas tension values and blood pH.It also measures the level and base excess of bicarbonate.The source of the blood is reflected in the name of each test; arterial blood gases come from arteries, venous blood gases come from veins and capillary blood gases come from capillaries. [1]
The initial treatment aiming at restoring effective blood pressure in patients that have refractory shock typically starts with introducing norepinephrine and dopamine. [24] Vasopressin comes as the second-line agent. [24] However, high-dose therapy is linked to excessive coronary, splanchnic vasoconstriction, and hypercoagulation. [6]
This is especially the case if the sepsis gets worse, and even more if it becomes severe sepsis (where organ damage begins), septic shock (the organ damage continues, which lowers the blood pressure to the point where special drugs are needed to help keep it high enough), or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (where organ damage can quickly ...
Venous blood is typically colder than arterial blood, [1] and has a lower oxygen content and pH. It also has lower concentrations of glucose and other nutrients and has higher concentrations of urea and other waste products. The difference in the oxygen content of arterial blood and venous blood is known as the arteriovenous oxygen difference.
Gangrene toes in a diabetic. Gangrene is a type of tissue death caused by a lack of blood supply. [4] The feet and hands are most commonly affected. [1] If the gangrene is caused by an infectious agent, it may present with a fever or sepsis.