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Use during pregnancy can result in harm to the baby. [8] Irinotecan is a topoisomerase inhibitor [9] —it blocks the topoisomerase I enzyme, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. [8] Irinotecan was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [10]
It is the active metabolite of irinotecan (an analog of camptothecin - a topoisomerase I inhibitor) but has 1000 times more activity than irinotecan itself. In vitro cytotoxicity assays show that the potency of SN-38 relative to irinotecan varies from 2- to 2000-fold.
Doctors and pregnant women should have a discussion of risks and benefits when considering an induction of labor in the absence of an accepted medical indication. [14] There is insufficient evidence to determine if inducing a woman's labor at home is a safe and effective approach for both the women and the baby.
IM – Intramuscular. IV – Intravenous. IA – Intra-arterial. SC – Subcutaneous. PO – Per os, oral. IP – Intrapleural. IB – Intrabladder. Preg. cat. - Pregnancy category. The preferred pregnancy category is Australian, but if it is unavailable the pregnancy category given is American. Notes
Heartburn is a common symptom of late term pregnancy during which up to 80% of pregnant women have experienced it by the end of their third trimester. [12] Heartburn often indicates the development of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), where the lower esophageal sphincter relaxes due to elevated progesterone levels causing increased ...
Sacituzumab govitecan is a conjugate of the humanized anti-Trop-2 monoclonal antibody linked with SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. [20] Each antibody having on average 7.6 molecules of SN-38 attached. [21] Linkage to an antibody allows the drug to specifically target cells expressing Trop-2.
Topotecan is a semi-synthetic derivative of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a natural product extracted from the bark of the tree Camptotheca acuminata.Topoisomerase-I is a nuclear enzyme that relieves torsional strain in DNA by opening single strand breaks. [20]
Efficacy was evaluated in FRESCO-2 (NCT04322539) and FRESCO (NCT02314819). [9] FRESCO-2 (NCT04322539), an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, evaluated 691 participants with metastatic colorectal cancer who had disease progression during or after prior fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF biological therapy an ...