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Normal reference range of RDW-CV in human red blood cells is 11.5–15.4%. [2] [1] If anemia is observed, RDW test results are often used together with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) results to determine the possible causes of the anemia. It is mainly used to differentiate an anemia of mixed causes from an anemia of a single cause.
Often there is mild to severe anemia (low red blood cells or hemoglobin) as thalassemia can affect the production of red blood cells and also affect how long the red blood cells live. [1] Symptoms include tiredness, pallor, bone problems, an enlarged spleen, jaundice, pulmonary hypertension, and dark urine. [1]
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
If the symptoms are serious, frequent injections are typically recommended initially. [7] There are not enough studies that pills are effective in improving or eliminating symptoms. [12] Often, treatment may be needed for life. [13] Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14]
An underdiagnosed deficiency of an essential mineral may be contributing to fatigue, brain fog and concentration problems in almost 1 in 4 adolescent girls and young women in the United States.
Similarly, poisoning by arsine or stibine also causes hemolytic anemia. [21] Runners can develop hemolytic anemia due to "footstrike hemolysis", owing to the destruction of red blood cells in feet at foot impact. [22] [23] Low-grade hemolytic anemia occurs in 70% of prosthetic heart valve recipients, and severe hemolytic anemia occurs in 3%. [24]
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is the second most common cause of anemia after IDA. [4] It is often fairly mild and sometimes asymptomatic, with potential symptoms including fatigue, headache, paleness, and shortness of breath. [7] It usually occurs in individuals that have chronic inflammation due to a medical condition. [3]
The most common causes of this kind of anemia are iron deficiency and thalassemia. Hypochromic anemia was historically known as chlorosis or green sickness for the distinct skin tinge sometimes present in patients, in addition to more general symptoms such as a lack of energy, shortness of breath, dyspepsia , headaches , a capricious or scanty ...