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Gustavus Adolphus (9 December [N.S 19 December] 1594 – 6 November [N.S 16 November] 1632), also known in English as Gustav II Adolf or Gustav II Adolph, [1] was King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632, and is credited with the rise of Sweden as a great European power (Swedish: Stormaktstiden).
From 1389 to 1523, Sweden was often united with Denmark and Norway under the kings of the Kalmar Union. Sweden's full independence was restored under Gustav I in 1523. He is often credited as the founder of modern Sweden, [11] and in 1544 he formally abandoned the previous elective monarchy in favor of hereditary succession. [12]
Gustav III was known in Sweden and abroad by his royal titles, or styles: Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Vends, Grand Prince of Finland, Duke of Pomerania, Prince of Rügen and Lord of Wismar, Heir to Norway and Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst, etc. [11]
In July 1630, King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden landed in the Duchy of Pomerania to intervene in favor of the German Protestants. Although he was killed in battle at Lützen, southwest of Leipzig, the Swedish armies achieved several victories against their Catholic enemies.
The Crown of Sweden was hereditary in the House of Vasa, but following the reign of Christina's grandfather (r. 1604–11), it excluded Vasa princes descended from a deposed brother (Eric XIV of Sweden) and a deposed nephew (Sigismund III of Poland). Gustavus Adolphus's legitimate younger brothers had died years earlier.
Gustav II Adolf's success in making Sweden one of the great powers of Europe, and perhaps the most important power in the Thirty Years' War after France and Spain, was due not only to his military brilliance, but also to important institutional reforms in Sweden's government. The chief among these reforms was the institution of the first Parish ...
Prince Gustaf Duke of Uppland (1827–1852) Oscar II (1829–1907) r. 1872–1907: Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden (1826–1907) Frederick VIII of Denmark (1843–1912) Princess Louise Queen consort of Denmark (1851–1926) Prince Carl Oscar Duke of Södermanland (1852–1854) Gustaf V (1858–1950) r. 1907–1950: Victoria of Baden (1862 ...
The head of the House of Bernadotte (a.k.a. the Swedish royal family), Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus was born on April 30, 1946 at Haga Palace in Solna, Sweden.He's now the longest-reigning Swedish ...