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  2. Pellagra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pellagra

    Pellagra is a disease caused by a lack of the vitamin niacin (vitamin B 3). [2] Symptoms include inflamed skin, diarrhea, dementia, and sores in the mouth. [1]

  3. Nicotinic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Pellagra_Vitamin

    A man with pellagra, which is caused by a chronic lack of vitamin B 3 in the diet. Severe deficiency of niacin in the diet causes the disease pellagra, characterized by diarrhea, sun-sensitive dermatitis involving hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin (see image), inflammation of the mouth and tongue, delirium, dementia, and if left untreated, death. [7]

  4. Vitamin deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_deficiency

    Deficiency causes pellagra, a reversible nutritional wasting disease characterized by four classic symptoms often referred to as the four Ds: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, and death. The dermatitis occurs on areas of skin exposed to sunlight, such as backs of hands and neck.

  5. Micronutrient deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micronutrient_deficiency

    Micronutrient deficiencies are considered a public health problem worldwide. For over 30 years it has been estimated that more than two billion people of all ages are affected by this burden, [1] while a recently published study based on individual-level biomarker data estimated that there are 372 million children aged 5 years and younger, and 1.2 billion non-pregnant women of reproductive age ...

  6. Hypersalivation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersalivation

    Pellagra (niacin or vitamin B 3 deficiency) [6] Gastroesophageal reflux disease, in such cases specifically called a water brash (a loosely defined lay term), and is characterized by a sour fluid or almost tasteless saliva in the mouth [7] Gastroparesis (main symptoms are nausea, vomiting, and reflux) Pregnancy; Fluoride therapy; Excessive ...

  7. List of eponymous medical signs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_eponymous_medical...

    large chromosome puff indicating site of RNA transcription Ballance's sign: Charles Alfred Ballance: general surgery: abdominal/splenic trauma: percussive dullness left flank, LUQ, percussive resonance right flank Bancroft's sign: Joseph Bancroft: vascular medicine: deep vein thrombosis: pain on anterior, but not lateral, compression of calf ...

  8. Casal collar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casal_collar

    The Casal collar or Casal necklace is a medical sign in which there is a redness and darkening of the skin around the neck, seen in people with pellagra. [2] It becomes prominent following exposure to sun, and can be itchy with a burning feeling and pain. [1] It can blister and weep, and turn into thick dark skin, with a coppery hue. [1]

  9. Hartnup disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartnup_disease

    Pellagra, a similar condition, is also caused by low nicotinamide; this disorder results in dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. [citation needed] Hartnup disease is a disorder of amino acid transport in the intestine and kidneys; otherwise, the intestine and kidneys function normally, and the effects of the disease occur mainly in the brain and ...