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Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet; Nd:Y 3 Al 5 O 12) is a crystal that is used as a lasing medium for solid-state lasers. The dopant , neodymium in the +3 oxidation state, Nd(III), typically replaces a small fraction (1%) of the yttrium ions in the host crystal structure of the yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), since the two ions are ...
Nd:YAP laser (yttrium aluminium perovskite) 1.0646 μm [7] Flashlamp, laser diode: Surgery, tattoo removal, hair removal, research, pumping other lasers (combined with frequency doubling to produce a green 532 nm beam) Nd:Cr:YAG laser 1.064 μm, (1.32 μm) solar radiation: Experimental production of nanopowders. [8] Er:YAG laser: 2.94 μm
The neodymium (Nd) and neodymium yttrium-aluminium-garnet lasers are identical in style and differ only in the application. Nd is used for boring and where high energy but low repetition are required. The Nd:YAG laser is used where very high power is needed and for boring and engraving. Both CO 2 and Nd/Nd:YAG lasers can be used for welding. [13]
A dye laser tuned to 589nm (amber yellow), pumped with an external, frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser @ 532nm (yellowish-green). The closeness between wavelengths results in a very small Stokes shift, reducing energy losses. A laser of a suitable type can be used to pump another laser. The pump laser's narrow spectrum allows it to be closely ...
Later lasers, including all of the 355 nm lasers, were side-pumped. Small-diameter (<2 mm) Nd:YAG rods were pumped by powerful (>20 watt), large-aperture semiconductor lasers placed alongside the rods. Lightwave Electronics developed and patented a design enabling efficient side-pumping of a laser while maintaining diffraction-limited output. [32]
No real laser is truly monochromatic; all lasers can emit light over some range of frequencies, known as the linewidth of the laser transition. In most lasers, this linewidth is quite narrow (for example, the 1,064 nm wavelength transition of a Nd:YAG laser has a linewidth of approximately 120 GHz, or 0.45 nm [5]).
An Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) is a common choice of laser for working with biological specimens. This is because such specimens (being mostly water) have a low absorption coefficient at this wavelength. [43]
The authors reviewed nine trials published between 1998 and 2014, with 662 participants in total. These included three different types of laser: Er:YAG; Er,Cr:YSGG; and Nd:YAG. Overall, the quality of the evidence available was found to be low, and the authors were unable to recommend one method of caries removal over the other.