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Negro Fort was a short-lived fortification built by the British in 1814, during the War of 1812, in a remote part of what was at the time Spanish Florida.It was intended to support a never-realized British attack on the U.S. via its southwest border, [1] by means of which they could "free all these Southern Countries [states] from the Yoke of the Americans".
The Fort at Prospect Bluff, The British Post on the Apalachicola and the Battle of Negro Fort. Old Kitchen Media. ISBN 978-0578634623. Millett, Nathaniel (2015). Maroons of Prospect Bluff and Their Quest for Freedom in the Atlantic World. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0813060866. Saunt, Claudio (1999).
This list of African American Historic Places in Florida is based on a book by the National Park Service, The Preservation Press, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers.
In 1738, the Spanish governor of Florida, Manuel de Montiano, had Fort Mose built and established as a free Black settlement. Fugitive African and African American slaves who could reach the fort were essentially free. Many were from Pensacola; some were free citizens, though others had escaped from United States territory.
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As of the 2010 U.S. Census, African Americans were 16.6% of the population of Florida. [4] The African-American presence in the peninsula extends as far back as the early 18th century, when African-American slaves escaped from slavery in Georgia into the swamps of the peninsula. Black slaves were brought to Florida by Spanish conquistadors. [5] [6]
In July 1812, Zúñiga was appointed governor of West Florida, [4] [5] and moved to its capital, Pensacola.He served in that office till April 1813. In 1814, during the War of 1812, the British Royal Marines established what became known as the Negro Fort on Prospect Bluff along the Spanish side of the Apalachicola River. [6]
Fort Gadsden and the "negro fort." Masot was the Governor of West Florida at the outbreak of The First Seminole War. [3] After the garrison at the negro fort killed a group of American sailors, General Jackson decided to destroy it. In April 1816, Jackson informed him that if the Spanish did not eliminate the negro fort, he would.