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The number e is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828 that is the base of the natural logarithm and exponential function.It is sometimes called Euler's number, after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler, though this can invite confusion with Euler numbers, or with Euler's constant, a different constant typically denoted .
The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e, which is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to 2.718 281 828 459. [1] The natural logarithm of x is generally written as ln x , log e x , or sometimes, if the base e is implicit, simply log x .
Here, is a free parameter encoding the slope at =, which must be greater than or equal to because any smaller value will result in a function with multiple inflection points, which is therefore not a true sigmoid.
Stokes's law is an expression for the frictional force exerted on spherical objects with very small Reynolds numbers, named for George Gabriel Stokes (1819–1903). Stokes's law of sound attenuation is a formula for the attenuation of sound in a Newtonian fluid, such as water or air, due to the fluid's viscosity.
The height at which the atmospheric pressure declines by a factor of e (an irrational number equal to 2.71828) is called the scale height (H). For an atmosphere of uniform temperature, the scale height is proportional to the atmospheric temperature and is inversely proportional to the product of the mean molecular mass of dry air, and the local ...
This yields the event C on the ct-axis, and obviously: OC < OB, the "moving" clock W′ runs slower. To show the mutual time dilation immediately in the upper picture, the event D may be constructed as the event at x′ = 0 (the location of clock W′ in S′), that is simultaneous to C (OC has equal spacetime interval as OA) in S′.
By changing frames with a Lorentz transformation in the x direction with a small value of the velocity v, the energy momentum four-vector becomes (E/c, Ev/c 2, 0, 0). The momentum is equal to the energy multiplied by the velocity divided by c 2. As such, the Newtonian mass of an object, which is the ratio of the momentum to the velocity for ...
The letters a, b, and c are called coefficients: the quadratic coefficient a is the coefficient of x 2, the linear coefficient b is the coefficient of x, and c is the constant coefficient, also called the free term. Quadratic equations are known by that name because quadratus is Latin for "square"; in the leading term the variable is squared.