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Injuries to humans elicit an elaborate response including emergency medicine, trauma surgery (illustrated), and pain management. Injury in humans has been studied extensively for its importance in medicine. Much of medical practice, including emergency medicine and pain management, is dedicated to the treatment of injuries.
Major trauma is a severe traumatic injury that has the potential to cause disability or death. Serious traumatic injury most often occurs as a result of traffic collisions. [11] Traumatic injury is the leading cause of death in people under the age of 45. [12] Blunt trauma injuries are caused by the forceful impact of an external object.
Hyper-flexion is a common mechanism of injury in the cervical spine associated with an anterior compression vector and a posterior distraction vector. [18] These injuries are associated with diving injuries, falls and car accidents. [18]
Persons with major trauma commonly have chest and pelvic x-rays taken, [6] and, depending on the mechanism of injury and presentation, a focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) exam to check for internal bleeding.
contralateral head injury; The mechanism of injury is an initial impact causing injury to the femur on one side (bumper injury) and the torso on the same side (fender or hood), following which the child is thrown, striking the head on the ground or another object and sustaining injury to the opposite side of the head. [2]
In the United States, over 800,000 patients a year are hospitalized because of a fall injury, most often because of a head injury or hip fracture. [43] Motor vehicle crashes are the second most common mechanism of injury among geriatric adults, and the most common cause of traumatic mortality. [44]
Once the patient is stabilised, orthopedic injuries can be evaluated including determining the severity of injury using a classification system. Mechanism of injury is important to know the amount energy that is transferred to the patient and the level of contamination. Every limb should be exposed to evaluate any other hidden injuries.
There was a significant mechanism of injury (for example, a high-speed car accident, falls >20 ft); OR; The patient has an altered mental status; OR; The medical responder suspects that the patient has multi-systems trauma; If NONE of these criteria are met, the medical provider may go through a slower or more focused trauma assessment. [3]