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Activation of a wide range of serotonin receptors by serotonin itself or by certain prokinetic drugs results in enhanced gastrointestinal motility. [3] Other prokinetic drugs may increase acetylcholine concentrations by stimulating the M 1 receptor which causes acetylcholine release, or by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase which ...
The muscarinic receptors in the bladder and gastrointestinal tract stimulate contraction of the bladder and expulsion of urine, and increased gastrointestinal motility, respectively. Bethanechol should be used to treat these disorders only after mechanical obstruction is ruled out as a possible cause.
[25] [26] [2] However, it is available in the United States for people with severe and treatment-refractory gastrointestinal motility problems under an expanded access individual-patient investigational new drug application. [25] An analogue of domperidone called deudomperidone is under development for potential use in the United States and ...
Initially, gastric decontamination of the patient is achieved by administering, either orally or via a nasogastric tube, activated charcoal pre-mixed with water, which adsorbs the drug in the gastrointestinal tract (most useful if given within 2 hours of drug ingestion).
Decreasing intestinal motility prolongs the transit time of food content through the digestive tract, which allows for more fluid absorption; thereby alleviating diarrhea symptoms and improving stool consistency and frequency. [4] Unlike other opiates, loperamide does not cross the blood brain barrier, so there is minimal risk for abuse. [5]
Drugs with muscarinic antagonist activity are widely used in medicine, in the treatment of low heart rate, overactive bladder, respiratory problems such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and neurological problems such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
If intestinal activity is high, amphetamine may reduce gastrointestinal motility (the rate at which content moves through the digestive system); [31] however, amphetamine may increase motility when the smooth muscle of the tract is relaxed. [31] Amphetamine also has a slight analgesic effect and can enhance the pain relieving effects of opioids ...
If intestinal activity is high, amphetamine may reduce gastrointestinal motility (the rate at which content moves through the digestive system); [41] however, amphetamine may increase motility when the smooth muscle of the tract is relaxed. [41] Amphetamine also has a slight analgesic effect and can enhance the pain relieving effects of opioids ...