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In oncology, polycythemia vera (PV) is an uncommon myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. [1] The majority of cases [ 2 ] are caused by mutations in the JAK2 gene, most commonly resulting in a single amino acid change in its protein product from valine to phenylalanine at position 617.
Treatment for polycythemia varies, and typically involves treating its underlying cause. [6] Treatment of primary polycythemia (see polycythemia vera) could involve phlebotomy, antiplatelet therapy to reduce risk of blood clots, and additional cytoreductive therapy to reduce the number of red blood cells produced in the bone marrow. [7]
High platelet counts can occur in patients with polycythemia vera (high red blood cell counts), and is an additional risk factor for complications. [citation needed] A very small number of people report symptoms of erythromelalgia, a burning sensation and redness of the extremities that resolves with cooling, or aspirin or both. [3]
Therapeutic phlebotomy refers to the drawing of a unit of blood in specific cases like hemochromatosis, polycythemia vera, porphyria cutanea tarda, etc., to reduce the number of red blood cells. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The traditional medical practice of bloodletting is today considered to be a pseudoscience .
A third Imago-sponsored global clinical trial for the treatment of essential thrombocythemia was begun in 2020. [10] The results of this global study have also been presented at the American Society of Hematology and the European Hematology Association. A fourth trial begun in 2023 for the treatment of polycythemia vera is ongoing. [11]
After surgery with preventive treatment, VTE develops in about 10 of 1000 people after total or partial knee replacement, and in about 5 of 1000 after total or partial hip replacement. [171] About 400,000 Americans develop an initial VTE each year, with 100,000 deaths or more attributable to PE. [ 169 ]
[3] [6] Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is the first medication approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat polycythemia vera that people can take regardless of their treatment history, and the first interferon therapy specifically approved for polycythemia vera. [3] The FDA considers it to be a first-in-class medication. [7]
polycythemia ruba vera is secondary polycythemia and has an underlying cause such as sleep apnea copd or anything that causes a rise in epo and is treatable by treating the underlying cause. polycythemia vera known as primary polycythemia has no secondary causes that can be found your oxygen levels are normal and you epo is normal or low.