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The average speed of Viking ships varied from ship to ship, but lay in the range of 5–10 knots (9–19 km/h) and the maximum speed of a longship under favorable conditions was around 15 knots (28 km/h). [3] The Viking Ship museum in Oslo houses the remains of three such ships, the Oseberg, the Gokstad and the Tune ship. [4]
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The planks on Viking vessels were riven (split) from large, old-growth trees - especially oak - as a riven plank is stronger than the sawn plank found in later craft. A single strake (plank) could be as thin as one inch (2.5 cm), resulting in a strong yet supple hull. [ 10 ]
A clinker-built Viking longship, whose overlapping planks constitute "strakes". Garboard strakes and related near-keel members Diagram of typical modern metal-hulled ship’s exterior plating, with a single strake highlighted in red
In some ways the birlinn paralleled the more robust ocean-going craft of Norse design. Viking ships were double-ended, with a keel scarfed to stems fore and aft. A shell of thin planking was constructed on the basis of the keel, the planks being edge-joined and clenched with iron nails.
Clinker-built, also known as lapstrake-built, [1] [2] is a method of boat building in which the edges of longitudinal (lengthwise-running) hull planks overlap each other. Where necessary in larger craft, shorter hull planks can be joined end to end, creating a longer hull plank ().
The Viking at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893. Viking ship replicas are one of the more common types of ship replica. Viking, the first Viking ship replica, was built by the Rødsverven shipyard in Sandefjord, Norway. In 1893 it sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to Chicago in the United States for the World's Columbian Exposition.
The Irish galley was a vessel in use in the West of Ireland down to the seventeenth century, and was propelled both by oars and sail. In fundamental respects it resembled the Scottish galley or bìrlinn, their mutual ancestor being the Viking longship.