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The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, ... Additional background chapters on related events of the 11th century are: ...
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...
Tactics followed by Crusaders varied according to the commander at the time and depended on the strengths of the different armies. The Crusaders were generally less mobile than their foes especially the Seljuk Turks who regularly used horse archers. However, the Crusader heavy cavalry had a powerful charge that could and did turn many battles.
A Chronological Outline of the Crusades: Background, Military Expeditions, and Crusader States, in The Routledge Companion to the Crusades (2006), by historian Peter Lock. [372] A Narrative Outline of the Crusade, ibid. The Crusades: A Chronology, in The Crusades—An Encyclopedia (2006), edited by Alan V. Murray. [373]
Most modern histories of the Crusades include relevant background material on the Fatimid caliphate, the Abbasid caliphate and sultanates including the Seljuk and Ghaznavid dynasties. [272] Major references are identified in Principal Sources for the History of the Near East, 600–1050. [273] Christian texts can also be found in CSCO ...
However, amidst the Crusade there were several Christian documents on the crusaders' attacks on Jewish communities and the basis of those attacks. One such document is Albert of Aachen on the People's Crusade, which focuses on the unsanctioned, disorganized peasant crusades that occurred along with the organized crusader campaigns on Jerusalem ...
The Entry of the Crusaders into Constantinople (Eugène Delacroix, 1840). The most infamous action of the Fourth Crusade was the sack of the Orthodox Christian city of Constantinople. The crusaders sacked Constantinople for three days, during which many ancient and medieval Greco-Roman works of art were stolen or ruined.
The death of Humphrey was a heavy blow to the Crusaders, as he was respected not only by his fellow crusaders but also by Muslims. [3] Ibn al-Athir describes Humphry: No words can describe Hunfray; his name was a proverb for bravery and skill in war. He was indeed a plague let loose by God for the chastening of the Moslems. —