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Larmor precession is important in nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance imaging, electron paramagnetic resonance, muon spin resonance, and neutron spin echo. It is also important for the alignment of cosmic dust grains, which is a cause of the polarization of starlight .
The spin–orbit potential consists of two parts. The Larmor part is connected to the interaction of the spin magnetic moment of the electron with the magnetic field of the nucleus in the co-moving frame of the electron. The second contribution is related to Thomas precession.
The neutron has a negative magnetic moment. While the spin of the neutron is upward in this diagram, the magnetic field lines at the center of the dipole are downward. Particles with spin can possess a magnetic dipole moment, just like a rotating electrically charged body in classical electrodynamics.
While the transfer of angular momentum on a magnetic moment from an applied magnetic field is shown to cause precession of the moment about the field axis, the rotation of the moment into alignment with the field occurs through damping processes. Atomic-level dynamics involves interactions between magnetization, electrons, and phonons. [3]
An illustration of the precession of a spin wave with a wavelength that is eleven times the lattice constant about an applied magnetic field. The projection of the magnetization of the same spin wave along the chain direction as a function of distance along the spin chain.
The acronym stands for muon spin rotation, relaxation, or resonance, depending respectively on whether the muon spin motion is predominantly a rotation (more precisely a precession around a still magnetic field), a relaxation towards an equilibrium direction, or a more complex dynamic dictated by the addition of short radio frequency pulses ...
A magnetic moment is a vector quantity, and the direction of the nucleon's magnetic moment is determined by its spin. [7]: 73 The torque on the neutron that results from an external magnetic field is towards aligning the neutron's spin vector opposite to the magnetic field vector. [8]: 385
Spin waves can propagate in magnetic media with magnetic ordering such as ferromagnets and antiferromagnets.The frequencies of the precession of the magnetisation depend on the material and its magnetic parameters, in general precession frequencies are in the microwave from 1–100 GHz, exchange resonances in particular materials can even see frequencies up to several THz.