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A biome (/ ˈ b aɪ. oʊ m /) is a distinct geographical region with specific climate, vegetation, and animal life. It consists of a biological community that has formed in response to its physical environment and regional climate . [ 1 ]
Climate classifications are systems that categorize the world's climates. A climate classification may correlate closely with a biome classification, as climate is a major influence on life in a region. The most used is the Köppen climate classification scheme first developed in 1884.
The extent of the shifts will be dependent on the severity of the climate change scenario followed. [ 8 ] Many areas of the globe are expected to see substantial changes in their Holdridge life zone type as the result of climate change , with more severe change resulting in more remarkable shifts in a geologically rapid time span, leaving less ...
The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are A (tropical), B (arid), C (temperate), D (continental), and E (polar).
On broad geographic scales, climate is the factor that "most strongly determines ecosystem processes and structure". [4]: 14 Climate determines the biome in which the ecosystem is embedded. Rainfall patterns and seasonal temperatures influence photosynthesis and thereby determine the amount of energy available to the ecosystem.
A shift of 1 or 100% (darker colours) indicates that the region has fully moved into a completely different biome zone type. [1] Climate change is already now altering biomes, adversely affecting terrestrial and marine ecosystems. [2] [3] Climate change represents long-term changes in temperature and average weather patterns.
The patterns in a climograph describe not just a location's climate but also provide evidence for that climate's relative geographical location. For example, a climograph with a narrow range in temperature over the year might represent a location close to the equator, or alternatively a location adjacent to a large body of water exerting a ...
The five components of the climate system all interact. They are the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the cryosphere, the lithosphere and the biosphere. [1]: 1451 Earth's climate system is a complex system with five interacting components: the atmosphere (air), the hydrosphere (water), the cryosphere (ice and permafrost), the lithosphere (earth's upper rocky layer) and the biosphere (living things).