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Structure of the allyl group. In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH 2 −HC=CH 2. It consists of a methylene bridge (−CH 2 −) attached to a vinyl group (−CH=CH 2). [1] [2] The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic, Allium sativum.
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All three allylamines, mono-, di-, and triallylamine, are produced by the treating allyl chloride with ammonia followed by distillation. [3] Or by the reaction of allyl chloride with hexamine. [4] Pure samples can be prepared by hydrolysis of allyl isothiocyanate. [5] It behaves as a typical amine. [6]
Allyl chloride is the organic compound with the formula C H 2 =CHCH 2 Cl. This colorless liquid is insoluble in water but soluble in common organic solvents. It is mainly converted to epichlorohydrin , used in the production of plastics.
It is a colorless liquid. The compound consists of a phenyl group attached to an allyl group. Allylbenzene isomerizes to trans-propenylbenzene. [3] In plant biochemistry, the allylbenzene skeleton is the parent (simplest representation) of many phenylpropanoids. Prominent allylbenzenes include eugenol, safrole, and many others. [4]
Allyl alcohol is converted mainly to glycidol, which is a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of glycerol, glycidyl ethers, esters, and amines. Also, a variety of polymerizable esters are prepared from allyl alcohol, e.g. diallyl phthalate. [5] Allyl alcohol has herbicidal activity and can be used as a weed eradicant [9]) and fungicide. [8]
The allyl ligand is commonly in organometallic chemistry.Usually, allyl ligands bind to metals via all three carbon atoms, the η 3-binding mode.The η 3-allyl group is classified as an LX-type ligand in the Green LXZ ligand classification scheme, serving as a 3e – donor using neutral electron counting and 4e – donor using ionic electron counting.
The incipient C-C bond, illustrated in red, creates a six-member ring in a chair conformation. Under chelation control, the allyl group attacks the carbonyl carbon from the less hindered side opposite to that of the R group. Once the C-C bond is fully formed, the indium is released, producing the syn diol.