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The biology of depression is the attempt to identify a biochemical origin of depression, as opposed to theories that emphasize psychological or situational causes. Scientific studies have found that different brain areas show altered activity in humans with major depressive disorder (MDD) . [ 1 ]
Major depression was the leading cause of disease burden in North America and other high-income countries, and the fourth-leading cause worldwide as of 2006. In the year 2030, it is predicted to be the second-leading cause of disease burden worldwide after HIV , according to the WHO. [ 281 ]
[12] [13] [14] One interpretation is that depression manifests due to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain, resulting in feelings of worthlessness and despair. Magnetic resonance imaging shows that the brains of people diagnosed with depression may have a hippocampus up to 10% smaller than those who do not exhibit signs of depression.
“For these individuals, longer daylight hours and intense heat can disrupt their body clocks and cause stress,” Auer explains. “This imbalance can disrupt our energy, sleep, and emotional ...
There may also be imbalances in mood-regulating neurotransmitters (brain chemicals) like dopamine and serotonin. But this isn’t well understood, either. But this isn’t well understood, either.
The exact cause of catatonic depression is not fully understood. [1] However, it is believed to arise from a complex interplay of genetic, biochemical, and environmental factors. Some research suggests that disturbances in neurotransmitters like dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may contribute to the development of catatonic symptoms. [2]
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