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Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (abbreviated as UDMH; also known as 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, heptyl or Geptil) is a chemical compound with the formula H 2 NN(CH 3) 2 that is primarily used as a rocket propellant. [4] At room temperature, UDMH is a colorless liquid, with a sharp, fishy, ammonia-like smell typical of organic amines.
Dimethylhydrazine is the name of two compounds with the molecular formula C 2 H 8 N 2. These are: unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,1-dimethylhydrazine), with both methyl groups bonded to the same nitrogen atom; symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,2-dimethylhydrazine), with one methyl group bonded to each of the two nitrogen atoms
1,1-dimethylhydrazine (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, UDMH) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (symmetrical dimethylhydrazine) are hydrazines where two hydrogen atoms are replaced by methyl groups. UDMH is the easier of the two to manufacture and is a fairly common rocket fuel.
MMH and its chemical relative unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) have a key advantage that they are stable enough to be used in regeneratively cooled rocket engines. The European Space Agency (ESA) has attempted to seek new options in terms of bipropellant rocket combinations to avoid using deadly chemicals such as MMH and its relatives. [7]
The most common hypergolic fuels, hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and oxidizer, nitrogen tetroxide, are all liquid at ordinary temperatures and pressures. They are therefore sometimes called storable liquid propellants. They are suitable for use in spacecraft missions lasting many years.
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine This page was last edited on 2 September 2024, at 08:43 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution ...
Symmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,2-dimethylhydrazine) Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (1,1-dimethylhydrazine) Trimethylhydrazine. 1,1,2-trimethylhydrazine; 1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium (cationic and exists as a variety of salts e.g. 1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium iodide) Tetramethylhydrazine. 1,1,2,2-tetramethylhydrazine
Aerozine 50 is a 50:50 mix by weight of hydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), [1] [2] developed in the late 1950s by Aerojet General Corporation as a storable, high-energy, hypergolic fuel for the Titan II ICBM rocket engines.