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The hippocampus (pl.: hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse'), also hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum are components of the hippocampal formation located in the limbic system.
A seahorse (also written sea-horse and sea horse) is any of 46 species of small marine bony fish in the genus Hippocampus. The genus name comes from the Ancient Greek hippókampos ( ἱππόκαμπος ), itself from híppos ( ἵππος ) meaning "horse" and kámpos ( κάμπος ) meaning "sea monster" [ 4 ] [ 5 ] or "sea animal". [ 6 ]
Hippocampus anatomy describes the physical aspects and properties of the hippocampus, a neural structure in the medial temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain. It has a distinctive, curved shape that has been likened to the sea-horse creature of Greek mythology , and the ram's horns of Amun in Egyptian mythology .
This makes the left hippocampus a key component in the retrieval of spatial memory. However, Spreng [20] found that the left hippocampus is a general concentrated region for binding together bits and pieces of memory composed not only by the hippocampus, but also by other areas of the brain to be recalled at a later time. Eichenbaum's research ...
The cerebrum (pl.: cerebra), telencephalon or endbrain [1] is the largest part of the brain, containing the cerebral cortex (of the two cerebral hemispheres) as well as several subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulb.
CA3a is the part of the cell band that is most distant from the dentate (and closest to CA1). CA3b is the middle part of the band nearest to the fimbria and fornix connection. CA3c is nearest to the dentate, inserting into the hilus. CA3 overall, has been considered to be the “pacemaker” of the hippocampus.
This three-layer cortex is still conserved in some parts of the human brain such as the hippocampus and is believed to have evolved in mammals to the neocortex during the transition between the Triassic and Jurassic periods. [69] [68] After looking at history, the mammals had little neocortex compared to the primates as they had more cortex. [70]
The general layout or body plan of the pallium is already clearly defined in animals with relatively simple brains, including lampreys, sharks and amphibians. In teleost fish, reptiles, birds, and mammals, the pallial architecture is greatly modified (sharply diverging in fish), with differential growth and specialization of diverse sectors of the conserved pallial Bauplan.