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Richardson's ground squirrel (Urocitellus richardsonii), also known as the dakrat or flickertail, is a North American ground squirrel in the genus Urocitellus.Like a number of other ground squirrels, they are sometimes called prairie dogs or gophers, though the latter name belongs more strictly to the pocket gophers of family Geomyidae, and the former to members of the genus Cynomys.
Adults average 127–183 cm (4.17–6.00 ft) in total length. The maximum recorded total length is 234 cm (7.68 ft). [3] The saddle-shaped dorsal blotches are reddish brown, [1] except for near and on the tail, where they are dark brown or blackish. [3] The rostral is about as long as it is broad, not elongated as in other Pituophis subspecies. [6]
Adult gopher snakes average between 36-84 in (91–213 cm) in length, or up to 6 or 7 feet, when fully mature. [5] Dorsally, gopher snakes are yellowish or a light, sandy brown, with a series of large, dark brown or black markings and smaller, darker spots along the sides.
Gophers have small eyes and a short, hairy tail, which they use to feel around tunnels when they walk backwards. Pocket gophers have often been found to carry external parasites including, most commonly, lice, but also ticks, fleas, and mites. [8] Common predators of the gopher include weasels, snakes, and hawks. [10]
Botta's pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae) is a pocket gopher native to western North America. It is also known in some areas as valley pocket gopher , particularly in California. Both the specific and common names of this species honor Paul-Émile Botta , a naturalist and archaeologist who collected mammals in California in 1827 and 1828.
Pacific gopher snake adults range in size from 3–7 ft (0.91–2.13 m) in total length. However, most of the subspecies reach a length of 4–5 ft (1.2–1.5 m). The hatchlings are relatively long, and they have been recorded at lengths upward of 20 in (510 mm).
The camas pocket gopher is a smooth-toothed pocket gopher of the genus Thomomys, within the pocket-gopher family Geomyidae. [4] The incisors of gophers in the genus Thomomys have characteristically smooth anterior surfaces, while those of Geomys have two deep grooves per tooth and those of Cratogeomys have a single groove. [ 5 ]
Mazama pocket gophers are light brown to black in color, with adults ranging in size from 5 to 6 inches (13 to 15 cm) in length. The Mazama pocket gopher’s distinctive features include pointed claws, long whiskers, and protruding chisel-like front teeth. [6] The pocket gopher serves as prey for a variety of predatory species.