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An early spinning mule: showing the gearing in the headstock. Samuel Crompton invented the spinning mule in 1779, so called because it is a hybrid of Arkwright's water frame and James Hargreaves's spinning jenny in the same way that a mule is the product of crossbreeding a female horse with a male donkey.
Cotton-spinning machinery is machines which process (or spin) prepared cotton roving into workable yarn or thread. [1] Such machinery can be dated back centuries. During the 18th and 19th centuries, as part of the Industrial Revolution cotton-spinning machinery was developed to bring mass production to the cotton industry.
About 1779, Samuel Crompton succeeded in producing a mule-jenny, a machine which spun yarn suitable for use in the manufacture of muslin. [6] It was known as the muslin wheel or the Hall i' th' Woodwheel, [7] from the name of the house in which he and his family now lived. [8] The mule-jenny later became known as the spinning mule.
A worker spinning cotton at a hand-powered spinning wheel in the 18th century would take more than 50,000 hours to spin 100 lb of cotton; by the 1790s, the same quantity could be spun in 300 hours by mule, and with a self-acting mule it could be spun by one worker in just 135 hours.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 5 December 2024. Multi-spool spinning frame Model of spinning jenny in the Museum of Early Industrialisation, Wuppertal, Germany. The spinning jenny is a multi- spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialisation of textile manufacturing during the early Industrial ...
Sir Richard Arkwright (23 December 1732 – 3 August 1792) was an English inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution.He is credited as the driving force behind the development of the spinning frame, known as the water frame after it was adapted to use water power; and he patented a rotary carding engine to convert raw cotton to 'cotton lap' prior to spinning.
The water wheel provided more power to the spinning frame than human operators, reducing the amount of human labor needed and increasing the spindle count dramatically. However, unlike the spinning jenny, the water frame could spin only one thread at a time until 1779, when Samuel Crompton combined the two inventions into his spinning mule ...
From about 1806, the adoption of the more advanced English spinning mule was facilitated by the Fontainebleau Pact which made it easy to purchase French copies of this technology. [48] A Catalan made version of a spinning jenny called a Berguedana. Automation of the various processes can be seen from the dates of technology arriving in Catalonia.