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A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei.It consists of the shortest wavelength electromagnetic waves, typically shorter than those of X-rays.
Significant gamma-ray emission from our galaxy was first detected in 1967 [9] by the detector aboard the OSO 3 satellite. It detected 621 events attributable to cosmic gamma rays. However, the field of gamma-ray astronomy took great leaps forward with the SAS-2 (1972) and the Cos-B (1975–1982) satellites. These two satellites provided an ...
The favored hypothesis for the origin of most short gamma-ray bursts is the merger of a binary system consisting of two neutron stars. According to this model, the two stars in a binary slowly spiral towards each other because gravitational radiation releases energy [ 123 ] [ 124 ] until tidal forces suddenly rip the neutron stars apart and ...
A gamma ray burst (GRB) is the most powerful form of explosion in the known universe. They are produced when massive stars die, right before they turn into black holes, and were originally ...
GRB 221009A was subsequently observed by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), [14] the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI), the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE), [30] [31] [8] the International Gamma-ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL), the XMM-Newton space telescope, [32] the Large High Altitude Air Shower ...
Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, previously called the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Explorer, is a NASA three-telescope space observatory for studying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and monitoring the afterglow in X-ray, and UV/visible light at the location of a burst. [5] It was launched on 20 November 2004, aboard a Delta II launch vehicle. [4]
The first candidate kilonova to be found was detected on June 3, 2013 as short gamma-ray burst GRB 130603B by instruments on board the Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Explorer and KONUS/WIND spacecraft, and then imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope 9 and 30 days later. [8] This artist's impression shows a kilonova produced by two colliding neutron stars.
Three very special conditions are required for a star to evolve all the way to a gamma-ray burst under this theory: the star must be very massive (probably at least 40 Solar masses on the main sequence) to form a central black hole in the first place, the star must be rapidly rotating to develop an accretion torus capable of launching jets, and ...