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Renal ultrasonography (Renal US) is the examination of one or both kidneys using medical ultrasound. Ultrasonography of the kidneys is essential in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related diseases. The kidneys are easily examined, and most pathological changes in the kidneys are distinguishable with ultrasound.
Perirenal fat (also "perirenal fat capsule", "perinephric fat, [5] or "adipose capsule of the kidney" [6]) is external to the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and internal to the renal fascia (which separates it from the pararenal fat); connective tissue trabeculae extend through it to unite the fibrous capsule of the kidney, and the renal fascia ...
These layers thus form two potential spaces where fluid can form, the small subcapsular space and the large perinephric space. The renal capsule is fibrous and does not easily expand. [1] Thus, even a small collection of blood in the subcapsular space can cause mass effect on the renal parenchyma. [citation needed]
The basic physiologic mechanisms of handling fluid and electrolytes by the nephron - filtration, secretion, reabsorption, and excretion - are labelled. Assessment of kidney function occurs in different ways, using the presence of symptoms and signs , as well as measurements using urine tests, blood tests, and medical imaging.
Mathe's sign is an ultrasonographic sign that suggests the existence of an abscess in the proximity of a kidney.Normally during inspiration when standing, the kidneys move distally to some extent.
Ultrasound findings that indicate pyelonephritis are enlargement of the kidney, edema in the renal sinus or parenchyma, bleeding, loss of corticomedullary differentiation, abscess formation, or an areas of poor blood flow on doppler ultrasound. [21] However, ultrasound findings are seen in only 20–24% of people with pyelonephritis. [21]
An injury to the urethra leaving Buck's fascia intact results in a collection of urine (extravasation) limited to the penis, deep to Buck's fascia. If the injury to the bulb of the penis results in urethral injury accompanying a tear of Buck's fascia, then extravasated blood and urine accumulates in the superficial perineal space, passing into the penis (outer to Buck's fascia) as well as the ...
adipose capsule of kidney (or perirenal fat, or perinephric fat) renal fascia; pararenal fat; peritoneum (anteriorly), and transverse fascia (posteriorly). Sometimes the adipose capsule of the kidney also known as the perirenal fat, is regarded as a part of the renal capsule. [4]